Dynamic Transcriptional Landscape of Mycobacterium smegmatis under Cold Stress

Bacterial adaptation to cold stress requires wide transcriptional reprogramming. However, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying response mycobacteria is limited. We conducted comparative transcriptomic analysis Mycobacterium smegmatis subjected shock. The growth M. cultivated at 37oC was arrested just after exposure (acclimation phase) but later (by 24 h) resumed a much slower rate (adaptation phase). Transcriptomic analyses revealed distinct gene expression patterns corresponding two phases. During acclimation phase, differential observed for genes associated with cell wall remodeling, starvation response, and osmotic pressure stress, in parallel global changes transcription factors downregulation ribosomal genes, suggesting an energy-saving strategy support survival. At profiles were recovered, indicating restoration processes repressed earlier. Comparison responses those other bacteria unique strategies developed by mycobacteria. Our findings shed light on survival under stress. Further research should clarify whether discovered exist mycobacterial species, including pathogenic tuberculosis, which could be important transmission control.